Sunday 26 July 2020

Colour Names 1

It's common knowledge that web colour names are derived from the X11 colour names. But the relationship is in reality a series of compromises. Here's a comparison list:

ColourX11 Name(s)Web Name(s)RGB
    Alice Bluealiceblue#F0F8FF
    Antique Whiteantiquewhite#FAEBD7
    Aqua
Cyan
aqua
cyan
#00FFFFNote 1
    Aquamarineaquamarine#7FFFD4
    Azureazure#F0FFFF
    Beigebeige#F5F5DC
    Bisquebisque#FFE4C4
    Blackblack#000000
    Blanched Almondblanchedalmond#FFEBCD
    Blueblue#0000FF
    Blue Violetblueviolet#8A2BE2
    Brownbrown#A52A2A
    Burlywoodburlywood#DEB887
    Cadet Bluecadetblue#5F9EA0
    Chartreusechartreuse#7FFF00
    Chocolatechocolate#D2691E
    Coralcoral#FF7F50
    Cornflower Bluecornflowerblue#6495ED
    Cornsilkcornsilk#FFF8DC
    Crimsoncrimson#DC143C
    Dark Bluedarkblue#00008B
    Dark Cyandarkcyan#008B8B
    Dark Goldenroddarkgoldenrod#B8860B
    Dark Gray
Dark Grey
darkgray
darkgrey
#A9A9A9Note 2
    Dark Greendarkgreen#006400
    Dark Khakidarkkhaki#BDB76B
    Dark Magentadarkmagenta#8B008B
    Dark Olive Greendarkolivegreen#556B2F
    Dark Orangedarkorange#FF8C00
    Dark Orchiddarkorchid#9932CC
    Dark Reddarkred#8B0000
    Dark Salmondarksalmon#E9967A
    Dark Sea Greendarkseagreen#8FBC8F
    Dark Slate Bluedarkslateblue#483D8B
    Dark Slate Gray
Dark Slate Grey
darkslategray
darkslategrey
#2F4F4FNote 2
    Dark Turquoisedarkturquoise#00CED1
    Dark Violetdarkviolet#9400D3
    Deep Pinkdeeppink#FF1493
    Deep Sky Bluedeepskyblue#00BFFF
    Dim Gray
Dim Grey
dimgray
dimgrey
#696969Note 2
    Dodger Bluedodgerblue#1E90FF
    Firebrickfirebrick#B22222
    Floral Whitefloralwhite#FFFAF0
    Forest Greenforestgreen#228B22
    Fuchsia
Magenta
fuchsia
magenta
#FF00FFNote 3
    Gainsborogainsboro#DCDCDC
    Ghost Whiteghostwhite#F8F8FF
    Goldgold#FFD700
    Goldenrodgoldenrod#DAA520
    Gray
Grey
X11 Gray
X11 Grey
n/a#BEBEBENote 4
    Green Yellowgreenyellow#ADFF2F
    Honeydewhoneydew#F0FFF0
    Hot Pinkhotpink#FF69B4
    Indian Redindianred#CD5C5C
    Indigoindigo#4B0082
    Ivoryivory#FFFFF0
    Khakikhaki#F0E68C
    Lavenderlavender#E6E6FA
    Lavender Blushlavenderblush#FFF0F5
    Lawn Greenlawngreen#7CFC00
    Lemon Chiffonlemonchiffon#FFFACD
    Light Bluelightblue#ADD8E6
    Light Corallightcoral#F08080
    Light Cyanlightcyan#E0FFFF
    Light Goldenrodlightgoldenrod#FFEC8BNote 5
    Light Goldenrod Yellowlightgoldenrodyellow#FAFAD2Note 5
    Light Gray
Light Grey
lightgray
lightrey
#D3D3D3
    Light Greenlightgreen#90EE90
    Light Pinklightpink#FFB6C1
    Light Salmonlightsalmon#FFA07A
    Light Sea Greenlightseagreen#20B2AA
    Light Sky Bluelightskyblue#87CEFA
    Light Slate Gray
Light Slate Grey
lightslategray
lightslategrey
#778899
    Light Steel Bluelightsteelblue#B0C4DE
    Light Yellowlightyellow#FFFFE0
    Lime Greenlimegreen#32CD32
    Lime
Green
X11 Green
lime#00FF00Note 6
    Linenlinen#FAF0E6
    Maroon
X11 Maroon
n/a#B03060Note 7
    Medium Aquamarinemediumaquamarine#66CDAA
    Medium Bluemediumblue#0000CD
    Medium Orchidmediumorchid#BA55D3
    Medium Purplemediumpurple#9370DB
    Medium Sea Greenmediumseagreen#3CB371
    Medium Slate Bluemediumslateblue#7B68EE
    Medium Spring Greenmediumspringgreen#00FA9A
    Medium Turquoisemediumturquoise#48D1CC
    Medium Violet Redmediumvioletred#C71585
    Midnight Bluemidnightblue#191970
    Mint Creammintcream#F5FFFA
    Misty Rosemistyrose#FFE4E1
    Moccasinmoccasin#FFE4B5
    Navajo Whitenavajowhite#FFDEAD
    Navy
Navy Blue
navy#000080Note 8
    Old Laceoldlace#FDF5E6
    Oliveolive#808000
    Olive Drabolivedrab#6B8E23
    Orangeorange#FFA500
    Orange Redorangered#FF4500
    Orchidorchid#DA70D6
    Pale Goldenrodpalegoldenrod#EEE8AA
    Pale Greenpalegreen#98FB98
    Pale Turquoisepaleturquoise#AFEEEE
    Pale Violet Redpalevioletred#DB7093
    Papaya Whippapayawhip#FFEFD5
    Peach Puffpeachpuff#FFDAB9
    Peruperu#CD853F
    Pinkpink#FFC0CB
    Plumplum#DDA0DD
    Powder Bluepowderblue#B0E0E6
    Purple
X11 Purple
n/a#A020F0Note 9
    Rebecca Purplerebeccapurple#663399Note 10
    Redred#FF0000
    Rosy Brownrosybrown#BC8F8F
    Royal Blueroyalblue#4169E1
    Saddle Brownsaddlebrown#8B4513
    Salmonsalmon#FA8072
    Sandy Brownsandybrown#F4A460
    Sea Greenseagreen#2E8B57
    Seashellseashell#FFF5EE
    Siennasienna#A0522D
    Silversilver#C0C0C0
    Sky Blueskyblue#87CEEB
    Slate Blueslateblue#6A5ACD
    Slate Gray
Slate Grey
slategray
slategrey
#708090Note 2
    Snowsnow#FFFAFA
    Spring Greenspringgreen#00FF7F
    Steel Bluesteelblue#4682B4
    Tantan#D2B48C
    Tealteal#008080
    Thistlethistle#D8BFD8
    Tomatotomato#FF6347
    Turquoiseturquoise#40E0D0
    Violetviolet#EE82EE
    Web Gray
Web Grey
gray
grey
#808080Note 4
    Web Greengreen#008000Note 6
    Web Maroonmaroon#800000Note 7
    Web Purplepurple#800080Note 9
    Wheatwheat#F5DEB3
    Whitewhite#FFFFFF
    White Smokewhitesmoke#F5F5F5
    Yellowyellow#FFFF00
    Yellow Greenyellowgreen#9ACD32

Notes:
  1. "Aqua" and "Cyan" are synonyms and refer to the same RGB colours.
  2. In X11 and hence web names, "Gray" (en-us) and "Grey" (en-gb) are synonyms.
  3. "Fuchsia" and "Magenta" are synonyms and refer to the same RGB colours.
  4. There is no equivalent of X11 "Gray/Grey" in the web colours. The closest is named "Web Gray/Gray" in X11 and maps to "gray/grey" in the web namespace.
  5. "Light Goldenrod" and "Light Goldenrod Yellow" are two distinct colours in both namespaces. Many online lists conflate the two.
  6. "Green" is different in the X11 (#00FF00) and Web (#008000) namespaces.
  7. "Maroon" is different in the X11 (#B03060) and Web (#800000) namespaces.
  8. "Navy/Navy Blue" can only be officially named "navy" in the Web namespace.
  9. "Purple" is different in the X11 (#A020F0) and Web (#800080) namespaces.
  10. "Rebecca Purple" was added to X11 and CSS 4.1.
If we exclude the three X11 colours ("Gray/Grey", "Maroon" and "Purple") that have no web equivalent, we are left with the 140 unique web colours.

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